The court passed the order after a mysterious letter alleging irregularities in the recruitment process in the GTA area was found.
The high court has asked the CBI to submit a report on the mysterious letter within 15 days.
Earlier, the court had ordered a CID probe into the matter. However, no FIR was lodged in the case.
The new case comes amid the massive irregularity surfaced in the primary and upper primary teacher recruitment process.
Former state education minister Partha Chatterjee, former primary education board president and Trinamool Congress MLA Manik Bhattacharya are among the people who have been arrested so far in connection with the scam.
Partha and his close-aide Arpita Mukherjee were arrested in the cases after a huge cash (about Rs 50 crore) was recovered from the latter's two flats.
Both are still behind the bars.